The Question:
"Did G-d Give Moses Two Covenants or One?"

Part 2

Let us now look at the New Covenant Scriptures and what it can reveal to us:

Galatians 4:4-11, 16-31:

[1] Now I say this making it my point: yes, they are heirs, but as long as they are children, they are no better than slaves, though they are the owners of all the property;
[2] they remain under tutors, custodians and trustees until the set date given by the father.
[3] It is the same with us. While we were children, we were enslaved to the elemental things of the world.
[4] But when the fullness of time had come, G-d sent His Son, born of a woman, born under the culture in which legalistic abuse of Torah (G-d's teaching, guidance and instruction) was taking place,
[5] in order that he might "liberate" those being subjected to this legalism of Torah (G-d's teaching, guidance and instruction), so that we might receive adoption as children.
[6] And because you are children, G-d has sent the Ruach (the Spirit) of His Son into our hearts, crying, "Abba! - Daddy!"
[7] So you are no longer a slave, but a child, and if a child, then also an heir through G-d.
[8] At that time, when you did not know G-d, you were slaves to those that by nature are false gods.
[9] However, now that you have come to know G-d, or rather to be "known" by G-d, how can you TURN BACK AGAIN to the beggarly poor elements to which you desire to be enslaved all over again? (Torah is not the beggarly poor elements he is pointing to, its legalism)
[10] You are observing special days, months, seasons and years (legalistically).
[11] I am afraid that all my labor for you may have been wasted...
****
[16] Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?
[17] These enthusiastic teachers eagerly seek you, but not for proper reasons. They wish to exclude you from all who oppose them so that you will seek after them.
[18] But it is good always to be eagerly sought in a praiseworthy and commendable manner, and not only when I am present with you.
[19] My little children for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until the Messiah is formed and built in you,
[20] I desire to be present with you now and that I could change my tone (which I know sounds harsh), but I must say I am puzzled and perplexed concerning you.
[21] Tell me! You who desire to be subject and liable to the Torah (God's teaching, guidance and instruction) given to Moses, will you not listen to the Torah (God's teaching, guidance and instruction) given to Moses?
[22] For it is written that Avraham had two sons, one by a slave woman and the other by a free woman.
[23] The child of the slave was born according to the flesh (natural -human nature); the child of the free woman was born through the Promise (a Divine assurance of good).
[24] Now this is an allegory: These women are Two Covenants. One woman is Mount Sinai who bore children to be slaves.
[25] Hagar represents Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present Yerushalayim for she is in slavery with her children.
[26] The other woman corresponds to the Yerushalayim "Above," she is free, and she is our mother.
[27] For it is written: "Rejoice, you BARREN one, you who bore no children. Burst into song and shout, you who endure no birth pains; for the children of the desolate woman are more numerous than the children of the one who is married."
[28] Now my brothers and sisters, you are children of the "Promise," like Yitzhak.
[29] But just as at that time the child who was born according to the flesh persecuted the child who was born according to the Spirit (Ruach), so it is now!
[30] But what does the Scripture, our Holy Torah say? "Drive out the slave and her child; for the child of the slave WILL NOT SHARE the inheritance with the child of the free woman."
[31] So then brothers and sisters, we are children, not of the slave but of the FREE woman. (From Rev. Barbara Di Gilio unpublished book on Galatians).

This is what Rabbi Sha'ul (Paul) did, and what Rabbis still do today. An allegory is not a parable such as Messiah gave. For the most part, a parable (a story) teaches a simple truth, like readiness or faithfulness (see Matthew 25). However an allegory makes a comparison, e.g., comparing two people or two mountains to two Covenants.

1. The woman Agar was the slave of the freewoman Sarah (two people).

2. G-d put Sarah above Agar, or you could say, G-d put the "Promise" above first birth (our comparison). Now he goes on comparing these two women. He sees them as two mountains, making two Covenants, one from the natural and one from "above," i.e., from G-d.

Genesis 21:9-12 tells us: "Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born to Avraham mocking. Wherefore she said to Avraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman Hagar shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac. And the thing was very grievous in Avraham's sight because of his first born son. And G-d said to Avraham, Let it not be grievous in your sight because of the lad, and because of your bondwoman; in all that Sarah has said to you, listen to her voice; for in Isaac, your second son, shall your seed be called."

When you put Genesis 21:10 in context, you have yet another wonderful Word Picture.

The Shin is the 21st letter in the Hebrew AlephBet. The Yod is the 10th letter. Shin Yod spells the Hebrew word "Shai - Gift," and that is what the Promise of G-d is to those who believe! Thus, the full picture of Genesis (Bereshith) 21:10 is the following:

"In the Beginning the Gift."

Can you see it, I can!

Let us take another side trip for just a moment and read Mishlai (Proverbs) 30:4.

Who has ascended up into Heaven, or descended? Who has gathered the wind in his fists? Who has bound the waters in a garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? What is His name, and what is His son's name? Surely you know!

The answer is simple, G-d! Those of us who believe know the name of G-d's Son, we call Him Yeshua or Jesus, whatever way you chose to say it. Now encoded in Proverbs 30:4 at a 22-letter equidistant skip (ELS), you can find the Hebrew phrase "Yeshua shai" which means:

"Yeshua the gift"

Amazingly, in verse, 5 (5 is the number of grace and revealing), we see one of the greatest truths in all Scripture: "Every Word of G-d is pure (tested): He is a shield to them that put their trust in Him." Proverbs 30:5. AGI

The 22 letter equidistant skip in Proverbs 30:4 found by brother Yacov Rambsel is no coincidence! Yeshua Messiah proclaimed Himself to be the Aleph and the Tav; the totality of the Word of G-d, the Hebrew AlephBet, or as I always says, the Volume of the Book!

Ok, let us now get back on track...

Hebrews 8:1-8
1 Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand (Hebrew idiom for: place of power and the Messiah) of the Throne of the Majesty in the Heavens;
2 A minister of the Sanctuary, and of the true Tabernacle, which the L-rd pitched, and not man.
3 For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer.
4 For if Messiah were on earth, He should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the Torah: (The Temple in Jerusalem was standing when this was written).
5 Who serves as a model - an example and shadow of Heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of G-d when he was about to make the Tabernacle: look, See, said He, that you make all things according to the pattern showed to you in the Mount.
6 But now has Messiah obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also He is the Mediator of a better Covenant, which was established upon better Promises. (Genesis 12:1-3, 17:7; Deuteronomy 30:6).
7 For if that FIRST Covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the SECOND.
8 For finding fault with them (Israel in the wilderness), He said, Behold, the days come, saith the L-RD, when I will make a New Covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:

We need to ask the question here, when was the first time G-d spoke this to Israel? It is here that Paul is using remez (hinting at) Jeremiah 31:33, which is alluding all the way back to the 5th book of the Torah - Deuteronomy 30:6.

A Word Picture of Deuteronomy 30:6

The Hebrew word for Deuteronomy is "Devarim," which means, "decree words." The Hebrew letter Lamed (stands for teaching,) and has a Gematria which = 30; the Vav (the nail) = 6. Put together (Lamed Vav - 30:6) these two Hebrew letters spell "to him." By putting the word Deuteronomy at the beginning of the verse (30:6), it reads: "Decree words to him." Is that not what Deuteronomy 30:6 speaks? I believe it does!

Read Deuteronomy 30:6 again: "And the L-RD your G-d will circumcise your heart and the heart of your seed, to love the L-RD your G-d with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may LIVE."

Who is Moses speaking to? It's Israel! So then the "to him" must be Israel as well. Not just Israel, but all who would have ears to HEAR and eyes to SEE, and are joined to them, like Ruth the Moabitess was. Ruth the Moabitess was King David's great grandmother. Born from a son of Lot borne out of incest, came a woman of righteousness. Moab meaning: "seed of the father," comes such a woman; a woman of great honor to my Jewish people. Without Ruth being joined to Israel, Boaz, who we are told was very old, would not have had brought forth King David. Therefore the SEED, the Messiah of Israel would not have been. Ruth, whose name means "friend," was just that to Israel, and really so much more!

"So redeeming, Boaz took Ruth and she was his wife: and when he went in to her, the L-RD gave her conception, and she bare a son... And the women, her neighbors, gave the child a name, saying: 'There is a son born to Naomi,' and they called his name Oved meaning: 'Worshiper Serving - Servant' he is the father of Jesse, the father of David." -- Ruth 4:13,17. AGI

So let us read Deuteronomy 30:6 again with the understanding that the phrase "to him" means Israel:

"And the L-RD your G-d will circumcise the heart of Israel, and the heart of Israel's seed, to love the L-RD your G-d with all your heart and with all your soul, so that Israel may live."

Ok, let us continue to read on, we are half way home...

Hebrew 8:9-13
9 Not according to the Covenant that I made with their parents in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they did not continue in My Covenant, and so I regarded them not, said the L-RD.
10 For this is the Covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, said the L-RD; I will put My Torah into their (Israel's) mind, and write it in their hearts: and I will be to them a G-d, and they shall be to Me a people:
KEY: (Deut 30:6 is the first mention of this Covenant, although the term New Covenant is not mentioned in the passage the idea can be fully seen).
11 And they shall not teach every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the L-rd: for all shall know Me, from the least to the greatest.
12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more. (This is the Jeremiah 31:34 passage hinted at here.)
13 When God speaks of this New (Covenant) as taking the place of the older one;
it is because the older one is now aging, and one day disappear. AGI

KEY: Verse 13 is speaking of what Jeremiah 31:31-37 is telling us, this is for a future day! In light of what Messiah said in Matthew 5:17-19, we know the Torah will stand forever. But the Torah contains the two agreements in it. Lets look at Jeremiah 31:31-34:

Verse 31) Behold, the days come, saith the L-RD, that I will make a New Covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah:

Verse 32) Not according to the Covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which My Covenant they broke, although I was a Husband to them, saith the L-RD: This verse speaks of Exodus 20, the first Covenant that was broken by Israel.

Verse 33) But this shall be the Covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; after those days, saith the L-RD, I will put My Torah in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their G-d, and they shall be My people. This verse speaks of Deut 30:6, the Covenant made in Moab, (the seed of the Father). This was the New Covenant that G-d was giving by prophecy through Moses to Israel. This was before Israel went into the Land. All these things that were going to happen to Israel is stated in Deut 30:1-20.

Verse 34) And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the L-RD: for they shall all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them, saith the L-RD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more. This verse started with the death of Messiah. It will not be fully fulfilled until Messiah comes to rule and reign on earth.

We are then told by G-d, the sun, moon and stars would be a witness of G-d's faithfulness to Israel. The seed of Israel would never cease being a nation before G-d, never! G-d then goes on to tell us "if the heavens above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, then G-d would cast off all the seed of Israel."

However, we know this will never be done!!!

We must read all the Scriptures to get the whole picture, so let's keep going!

Hebrews 9:1-28
1 Then truly the first Covenant (the one at Mt. Sinai) had also ordinances of Divine service, and a worldly Sanctuary.
2 For there was a Tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the Sanctuary.
3 And after the second veil, the Tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;
4 Which had the golden censer, and the Ark of the Covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the Covenant;
5 And over it the Cherubims of Glory shadowing the Mercy Seat; of which we cannot now speak particularly. (This is speaking of the Ma'aseh Merkavah, the supernatural).
6 Now when these things were so ordained, the priests went always into the first Tabernacle, accomplishing the service of G-d.
7 But into the second went the High Priest alone, he went once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:
8 The Holy Spirit signifying (foreshadowing) that the way into the Holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while the first Tabernacle was yet standing:
9 Which was a type for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;
10 Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation (the Messianic rectification).
11 But Messiah has arrived a High Priest of good benefits of things to come, by a greater and more perfect Tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; (The Temple was standing in Jerusalem at this time).
12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by Yeshua's own blood He entered once into the Holy place, having obtained Eternal Redemption for us.
13 For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, purify and consecrate to the purifying of the flesh:
14 How much more shall the blood of Messiah, who through the Eternal Spirit offered Himself without spot to G-d, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living G-d?
15 And for this cause Messiah is the Mediator of the New Covenant (Deut 30:6), that by means of death, for the Redemption of the transgressions that were under the first Covenant, they which are called might receive the "Promise" of Eternal Inheritance.
16 For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator.
17 For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator lives.
18 Whereupon neither the FIRST Covenant was dedicated without blood.
19 For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the Torah, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
20 Saying, This is the blood of the Covenant which G-d has enjoined to you.
(This can also be found in the Mishnah).
21 Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the Tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry.
22 And almost all things are by the Torah purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no forgiveness, liberty, deliverance, or remission of sin.
23 It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the Heavens should be purified with these; but the Heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
24 For Messiah has not entered into the Holy places made with hands, which are the corresponding figures of the true; but into Heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of G-d for us:
25 Nor yet that Messiah should offer Himself often, as the high priest enters to the Holy place every year with blood of others;
26 For then must He often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world has Messiah appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.
27 And as it is appointed to men once to die, but after this the judgment:
28 So Messiah was once offered (once) to bear the sins of many; and to them that look for Him shall He appear the second time without sin to Salvation. AGI

These Scriptures speak clearly in a very Hebraic way to us. Yes, at this point in my own study, I do believe Moses was given two Covenants by G-d. The older one at Mt. Sinai, and the newer one in the land of Moab. First born at Mt. Sinai and reborn a second time in the land of the "seed of the Father" Moab. However, the second time given with a future Promise attached, and that Promise was for G-d to circumcise the heart of Israel and the heart of Israel's seed, so Israel would love the L-RD G-d with all its heart and with all its soul, so that Israel might LIVE.

Thus, the second Covenant was really born in Moab, the place called the “seed of the father” because that is what Moab really means!!! Now we must ask ourselves why in Moab?

I believe it is the place that speaks of Messiah coming through the union of Ruth the Moabitess and Boaz from Ephrathites of Bethlehemjudah. "Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehemjudah, and his father was Jesse, 1 Samuel 17:12." So the true Seed of the Father, Messiah, was going to be given to a woman named Miryam (Mary), and she would fulfill the prophecy found in Genesis 3:15:

"And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; it shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel."

Women do not have seed men have seed. However when the Holy Spirit overshadowed Miryam she was given the pure "Seed of the Father" (hear the play on words) that was her inheritance, and that inheritance is passed on to all who believe in Yeshua Messiah as Lord.

Click for Part 3

Click here to go back to Part 1